Decisions · Policy · European Union

European Parliament study: Generative AI and Copyright

European Parliament, Policy Department (requested by the JURI Committee) · 2025-07-09 · Proposal · non-binding

PE 774.095

AI training and copyright

Can AI be trained on protected works?

Closer to only with permission or pay

Large-scale training goes beyond the current text and data mining exceptions

Why hereCloser to 'only with permission or pay': the study finds the text and data mining exceptions were not built for generative AI and calls for licensing and remuneration, with harmonised opt-outs and transparency.

What it says

The study argues the CDSM Directive's text and data mining exceptions were not built for generative AI training, treats the opt-out system as a poor fit, and calls for harmonised opt-outs, transparency, and fair, balanced licensing and remuneration.

The EU's own research arm says the current opt-out rules don't work for AI training. Expect pressure for change.

Sources

This record

Data as of 2026-10-21.

Drafted with AI assistance and checked against the sources linked above; not yet reviewed by a lawyer. Methodology

No changes logged yet. The change log started on 2026-10-20.