Decisions · Court · Netherlands
DPG Media v. HowardsHome
Rechtbank Amsterdam (District Court of Amsterdam) · 2024-10-30 · First instance · Ongoing
Later historyAn appeal has been filed.
Can AI be trained on protected works?
Closer to freely allowed
A robots.txt that blocks named AI bots was not shown to be a general machine-readable opt-out
Holding
Publishers sued a media-monitoring service that used their headlines, snippets and thumbnails. The court dismissed all claims: the limited use fell within the quotation and press review exception, and the publishers had not shown that their robots.txt, which excluded specific AI bots, was an express machine-readable reservation against text and data mining in general.
An early test of what a valid opt-out looks like under the EU data mining exception.
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This record
Data as of 2026-10-21.
Drafted with AI assistance and checked against the sources linked above; not yet reviewed by a lawyer. Methodology
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