{
  "name": "AI & IP Observatory",
  "publisher": "Havenmark IP",
  "version": "2026.10",
  "dataAsOf": "2026-10-21",
  "url": "https://www.havenmarkip.com/pro",
  "fields": {
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    "kind": "court, office, act or policy (non-binding proposals, studies and reports)",
    "body": "Court, office, legislature or authors",
    "jurisdiction": "Jurisdiction it belongs to",
    "region": "Region used for grouping",
    "date": "ISO date, or year-month when the day is uncertain",
    "citation": "Citation to look it up by",
    "issue": "The question it is coded on",
    "answer": "yes, partly, no, or none (takes no position)",
    "position": "Place on the question's five-point scale, from -1 (left pole) to 1 (right pole); empty when it takes no position",
    "level": "legislation, apex, appellate, first-instance, office, guidance or proposal",
    "status": "current, ongoing, narrowed or overruled",
    "source_group": "For papers: policymaker, academia or professional",
    "primary_url": "Official text, where one is linked",
    "source_url": "Secondary summary the entry was checked against",
    "reviewed": "Whether a lawyer has reviewed the record against the primary source"
  },
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      "title": "Thaler v. Perlmutter",
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      "jurisdiction": "United States",
      "region": "United States",
      "date": "2025-03-18",
      "citation": "Thaler v. Perlmutter (D.C. Cir. 2025), affirming D.D.C. 2023",
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      "level": "appellate",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://media.cadc.uscourts.gov/opinions/docs/2025/03/23-5233.pdf",
      "source_url": "https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2025/03/appellate-court-affirms-human-authorship",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "zarya-of-the-dawn-2023",
      "title": "Zarya of the Dawn",
      "kind": "office",
      "body": "U.S. Copyright Office",
      "jurisdiction": "United States",
      "region": "United States",
      "date": "2023-02-21",
      "citation": "U.S. Copyright Office decision letter, 21 Feb 2023",
      "issue": "ai-authorship",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": 0,
      "level": "office",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.copyright.gov/docs/zarya-of-the-dawn.pdf",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "star-athletica-2017",
      "title": "Star Athletica v. Varsity Brands",
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      "body": "U.S. Supreme Court",
      "jurisdiction": "United States",
      "region": "United States",
      "date": "2017-03-22",
      "citation": "580 U.S. 405 (2017)",
      "issue": "design-copyright",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": 0,
      "level": "apex",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/15-866",
      "source_url": "",
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    {
      "id": "thomson-reuters-ross-2025",
      "title": "Thomson Reuters v. Ross Intelligence",
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      "region": "United States",
      "date": "2025-02-11",
      "citation": "No. 1:20-cv-613 (D. Del. 2025)",
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      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "dabus-uksc-2023",
      "title": "Thaler v. Comptroller-General (DABUS)",
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      "body": "UK Supreme Court",
      "jurisdiction": "United Kingdom",
      "region": "United Kingdom",
      "date": "2023-12-20",
      "citation": "[2023] UKSC 49",
      "issue": "ai-inventorship",
      "answer": "no",
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      "level": "apex",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://caselaw.nationalarchives.gov.uk/uksc/2023/49",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "getty-stability-2025",
      "title": "Getty Images v. Stability AI",
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      "body": "High Court of England and Wales",
      "jurisdiction": "United Kingdom",
      "region": "United Kingdom",
      "date": "2025-11-04",
      "citation": "[2025] EWHC 2863 (Ch)",
      "issue": "model-copy",
      "answer": "no",
      "position": -0.5,
      "level": "first-instance",
      "status": "ongoing",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://caselaw.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ewhc/ch/2025/2863",
      "source_url": "https://www.aippi.org/news/getty-images-v-stability-ai-uk-high-court-finds-no-secondary-copyright-infringement-in-landmark-genai-ruling/",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "dabus-epo-2021",
      "title": "DABUS (J 8/20)",
      "kind": "office",
      "body": "European Patent Office, Legal Board of Appeal",
      "jurisdiction": "European Patent Organisation",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2021-12-21",
      "citation": "J 8/20 and J 9/20",
      "issue": "ai-inventorship",
      "answer": "no",
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      "level": "office",
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      "source_url": "",
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    },
    {
      "id": "dabus-bgh-2024",
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      "kind": "court",
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      "jurisdiction": "Germany",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2024-06-11",
      "citation": "BGH, Beschluss v. 11.06.2024, X ZB 5/22, ECLI:DE:BGH:2024:110624BXZB5.22.0",
      "issue": "ai-inventorship",
      "answer": "partly",
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      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "",
      "source_url": "https://gesetze.co/urteile/X_ZB_5-22",
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    },
    {
      "id": "kneschke-laion-2024",
      "title": "Kneschke v. LAION",
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      "body": "Landgericht Hamburg (Regional Court)",
      "jurisdiction": "Germany",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2024-09-27",
      "citation": "310 O 227/23",
      "issue": "training-data",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 0.5,
      "level": "first-instance",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/judgments/details/2381",
      "source_url": "https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/blogs/mse-today/2025/robert-kneschke-v-laion",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "gema-openai-2025",
      "title": "GEMA v. OpenAI",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "Landgericht München I (Regional Court)",
      "jurisdiction": "Germany",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2025-11-11",
      "citation": "LG München I, 42 O 14139/24",
      "issue": "ai-output",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "first-instance",
      "status": "ongoing",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/judgments/details/3889",
      "source_url": "https://www.taylorwessing.com/de/insights-and-events/insights/2025/11/gema-v-openai",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "cofemel-2019",
      "title": "Cofemel v. G-Star Raw",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "Court of Justice of the European Union",
      "jurisdiction": "European Union",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2019-09-12",
      "citation": "C-683/17",
      "issue": "design-copyright",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "apex",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62017CJ0683",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "eu-dsm-directive-2019",
      "title": "DSM Directive, Articles 3-4",
      "kind": "act",
      "body": "European Parliament and Council",
      "jurisdiction": "European Union",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2019-04-17",
      "citation": "Directive (EU) 2019/790",
      "issue": "training-data",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": 0,
      "level": "legislation",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2019/790/oj",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "eu-ai-act-2024",
      "title": "EU AI Act",
      "kind": "act",
      "body": "European Parliament and Council",
      "jurisdiction": "European Union",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2024-08-01",
      "citation": "Regulation (EU) 2024/1689",
      "issue": "training-data",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": 0,
      "level": "legislation",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "li-liu-2023",
      "title": "Li v. Liu",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "Beijing Internet Court",
      "jurisdiction": "China",
      "region": "China",
      "date": "2023-11-27",
      "citation": "(2023) Jing 0491 Min Chu No. 11279",
      "issue": "ai-authorship",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 0.5,
      "level": "first-instance",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "",
      "source_url": "https://legalblogs.wolterskluwer.com/copyright-blog/beijing-internet-court-grants-copyright-to-ai-generated-image-for-the-first-time/",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "japan-30-4",
      "title": "Copyright Act, Article 30-4",
      "kind": "act",
      "body": "National Diet of Japan",
      "jurisdiction": "Japan",
      "region": "Japan",
      "date": "2019-01-01",
      "citation": "Copyright Act Art. 30-4 (2018 amendment)",
      "issue": "training-data",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "legislation",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4207",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "singapore-s244-2021",
      "title": "Copyright Act 2021, section 244 (computational data analysis)",
      "kind": "act",
      "body": "Parliament of Singapore",
      "jurisdiction": "Singapore",
      "region": "Singapore",
      "date": "2021-11-21",
      "citation": "Copyright Act 2021 (Singapore), ss 243 to 244, with s 187 (contract override)",
      "issue": "training-data",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "legislation",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/CA2021?ProvIds=pr244-",
      "source_url": "https://rouse.com/insights/news/2024/artificial-intelligence-in-singapore-copyright-infringement-defence-for-artificial-intelligence-machine-learning",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "uk-cdpa-s29a",
      "title": "CDPA section 29A (text and data analysis for non-commercial research)",
      "kind": "act",
      "body": "UK Parliament",
      "jurisdiction": "United Kingdom",
      "region": "United Kingdom",
      "date": "2014-06-01",
      "citation": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, s 29A (inserted 2014)",
      "issue": "training-data",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": -0.5,
      "level": "legislation",
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      "source_group": "",
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      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "china-genai-interim-measures-2023",
      "title": "Interim Measures for the Management of Generative AI Services",
      "kind": "act",
      "body": "Cyberspace Administration of China, with six other authorities",
      "jurisdiction": "China",
      "region": "China",
      "date": "2023-08-15",
      "citation": "生成式人工智能服务管理暂行办法 (Interim Measures), in force 15 August 2023, Art. 7",
      "issue": "training-data",
      "answer": "none",
      "position": null,
      "level": "legislation",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.cac.gov.cn/2023-07/13/c_1690898327029107.htm",
      "source_url": "https://www.chinalawtranslate.com/en/generative-ai-interim/",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "hong-kong-tdm-proposal-2024",
      "title": "Hong Kong consultation: text and data mining exception",
      "kind": "policy",
      "body": "Commerce and Economic Development Bureau and Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR",
      "jurisdiction": "Hong Kong",
      "region": "China",
      "date": "2024-07-08",
      "citation": "Public consultation paper on copyright and artificial intelligence, 8 July 2024",
      "issue": "training-data",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": 0,
      "level": "proposal",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "policymaker",
      "primary_url": "https://www.ipd.gov.hk/filemanager/ipd/en/share/consultation-papers/Eng-Copyright-and-AI-Consultation-Paper-20240708.pdf",
      "source_url": "https://www.hoganlovells.com/en/publications/hong-kong-launches-public-consultation-on-ai-and-copyright-law",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "ukraine-sui-generis-2023",
      "title": "Law on Copyright and Related Rights, Article 33 (sui generis right for AI output)",
      "kind": "act",
      "body": "Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine",
      "jurisdiction": "Ukraine",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2023-01-01",
      "citation": "Law of Ukraine No. 2811-IX of 1 December 2022, Art. 33, in force 1 January 2023",
      "issue": "ai-authorship",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 0.5,
      "level": "legislation",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/22385",
      "source_url": "https://www.aippi.org/news/sui-generis-how-ai-generated-works-are-protected-in-ukraine-and-beyond/",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "dabus-au-2022",
      "title": "Commissioner of Patents v. Thaler (DABUS)",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "Full Court of the Federal Court of Australia",
      "jurisdiction": "Australia",
      "region": "Australia",
      "date": "2022-04-13",
      "citation": "Commissioner of Patents v Thaler [2022] FCAFC 62",
      "issue": "ai-inventorship",
      "answer": "no",
      "position": -1,
      "level": "appellate",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.judgments.fedcourt.gov.au/judgments/Judgments/fca/full/2022/2022fcafc0062",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "dabus-za-2021",
      "title": "DABUS patent grant",
      "kind": "office",
      "body": "Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC)",
      "jurisdiction": "South Africa",
      "region": "South Africa",
      "date": "2021-07",
      "citation": "ZA 2021/03242",
      "issue": "ai-inventorship",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "office",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "",
      "source_url": "https://spoor.com/dabus-the-rise-of-the-inventive-machines/",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "naruto-slater-2018",
      "title": "Naruto v. Slater (monkey selfie)",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit",
      "jurisdiction": "United States",
      "region": "United States",
      "date": "2018-04-23",
      "citation": "888 F.3d 418 (9th Cir. 2018)",
      "issue": "non-human-author",
      "answer": "no",
      "position": -1,
      "level": "appellate",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2018/04/23/16-15469.pdf",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "louboutin-cjeu-2018",
      "title": "Louboutin v. Van Haren",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "Court of Justice of the European Union",
      "jurisdiction": "European Union",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2018-06-12",
      "citation": "C-163/16",
      "issue": "colour-shape-marks",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "apex",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62016CJ0163",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "louboutin-ysl-2012",
      "title": "Christian Louboutin v. Yves Saint Laurent",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit",
      "jurisdiction": "United States",
      "region": "United States",
      "date": "2012-09-05",
      "citation": "696 F.3d 206 (2d Cir. 2012)",
      "issue": "colour-shape-marks",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": 0,
      "level": "appellate",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "qualitex-1995",
      "title": "Qualitex v. Jacobson Products",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "U.S. Supreme Court",
      "jurisdiction": "United States",
      "region": "United States",
      "date": "1995-03-28",
      "citation": "514 U.S. 159 (1995)",
      "issue": "colour-shape-marks",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "apex",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/514/159",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "cadbury-purple-2013",
      "title": "Société des Produits Nestlé v. Cadbury (purple)",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "Court of Appeal of England and Wales",
      "jurisdiction": "United Kingdom",
      "region": "United Kingdom",
      "date": "2013-10-04",
      "citation": "[2013] EWCA Civ 1174",
      "issue": "colour-shape-marks",
      "answer": "no",
      "position": -1,
      "level": "appellate",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://caselaw.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ewca/civ/2013/1174",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "lego-brick-2010",
      "title": "Lego Juris v. OHIM (Lego brick)",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "Court of Justice of the European Union",
      "jurisdiction": "European Union",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2010-09-14",
      "citation": "C-48/09 P",
      "issue": "colour-shape-marks",
      "answer": "no",
      "position": -1,
      "level": "apex",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62009CJ0048",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "kitkat-2018",
      "title": "Mondelez v. Nestlé (KitKat shape)",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "Court of Justice of the European Union",
      "jurisdiction": "European Union",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2018-07-25",
      "citation": "C-84/17 P",
      "issue": "colour-shape-marks",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": 0,
      "level": "apex",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62017CJ0084",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "messi-2020",
      "title": "Messi v. EUIPO",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "Court of Justice of the European Union",
      "jurisdiction": "European Union",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2020-09-17",
      "citation": "C-449/18 P and C-474/18 P",
      "issue": "personal-name-marks",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "apex",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62018CJ0449",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "big-mac-2019",
      "title": "Supermac's v. McDonald's (BIG MAC)",
      "kind": "office",
      "body": "EUIPO Cancellation Division",
      "jurisdiction": "European Union",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2019-01-11",
      "citation": "EUIPO Cancellation Division decision, 11 Jan 2019",
      "issue": "non-use",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "office",
      "status": "narrowed",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "jack-daniels-2023",
      "title": "Jack Daniel's v. VIP Products",
      "kind": "court",
      "body": "U.S. Supreme Court",
      "jurisdiction": "United States",
      "region": "United States",
      "date": "2023-06-08",
      "citation": "599 U.S. 140 (2023)",
      "issue": "parody",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": 0,
      "level": "apex",
      "status": "current",
      "source_group": "",
      "primary_url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/22-148",
      "source_url": "",
      "reviewed": false
    },
    {
      "id": "metabirkins-2023",
      "title": "Hermès v. Rothschild (MetaBirkins)",
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      "citation": "No. 1:22-cv-00384 (S.D.N.Y.)",
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      "id": "infopaq-2009",
      "title": "Infopaq v. Danske Dagblades Forening",
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      "region": "Europe",
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      "citation": "C-5/08",
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      "answer": "yes",
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      "id": "feist-1991",
      "title": "Feist Publications v. Rural Telephone",
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      "body": "U.S. Supreme Court",
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      "region": "United States",
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      "citation": "499 U.S. 340 (1991)",
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      "answer": "no",
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      "id": "warhol-goldsmith-2023",
      "title": "Andy Warhol Foundation v. Goldsmith",
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      "date": "2023-05-18",
      "citation": "598 U.S. 508 (2023)",
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      "id": "sheeran-us-2023",
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      "citation": "S.D.N.Y. jury verdict, 4 May 2023",
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    {
      "id": "sheeran-uk-2022",
      "title": "Sheeran v. Chokri (Shape of You)",
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      "citation": "[2022] EWHC 827 (Ch)",
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      "id": "renckhoff-2018",
      "title": "Land Nordrhein-Westfalen v. Renckhoff",
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      "body": "Court of Justice of the European Union",
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      "id": "brompton-2020",
      "title": "Brompton Bicycle v. Chedech/Get2Get",
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      "body": "Court of Justice of the European Union",
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      "region": "Europe",
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      "title": "Karen Millen v. Dunnes Stores",
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      "region": "Europe",
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      "answer": "yes",
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      "level": "apex",
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      "id": "american-cheese-2025",
      "title": "A Single Piece of American Cheese",
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      "body": "U.S. Copyright Office",
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      "id": "prague-ai-image-2023",
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      "region": "China",
      "date": "2025-03",
      "citation": "Zhangjiagang People's Court, March 2025",
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      "date": "2025-12-10",
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      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2024-06-05",
      "citation": "T-58/23",
      "issue": "non-use",
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      "id": "qiaodan-jordan-2016",
      "title": "Michael Jordan v. Qiaodan Sports",
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      "title": "Taylor v. Killer Queen (Katie Perry v. Katy Perry)",
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      "issue": "personal-name-marks",
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      "region": "Japan",
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      "id": "thj-sheridan-2023",
      "title": "THJ Systems v. Sheridan",
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      "region": "United Kingdom",
      "date": "2023-11-20",
      "citation": "[2023] EWCA Civ 1354",
      "issue": "originality",
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      "position": 1,
      "level": "appellate",
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      "id": "lucasfilm-ainsworth-2011",
      "title": "Lucasfilm v. Ainsworth (Stormtrooper helmet)",
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      "body": "UK Supreme Court",
      "jurisdiction": "United Kingdom",
      "region": "United Kingdom",
      "date": "2011-07-27",
      "citation": "[2011] UKSC 39",
      "issue": "design-copyright",
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      "source_url": "https://cms.law/en/gbr/legal-updates/star-wars-episode-iv-a-new-hope",
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      "id": "tripp-trapp-iphc-2015",
      "title": "Stokke v. Katoji (Tripp Trapp chair)",
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      "body": "IP High Court of Japan",
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      "region": "Japan",
      "date": "2015-04-14",
      "citation": "Case 2014 (Ne) 10063",
      "issue": "design-copyright",
      "answer": "yes",
      "position": 1,
      "level": "appellate",
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      "title": "Tripp Trapp chair (Supreme Court)",
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      "body": "Supreme Court of Japan",
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      "region": "Japan",
      "date": "2026-04-24",
      "citation": "Reiwa 7 (Ju) 356",
      "issue": "design-copyright",
      "answer": "no",
      "position": -1,
      "level": "apex",
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      "id": "deckmyn-2014",
      "title": "Deckmyn v. Vandersteen (parody)",
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      "body": "Court of Justice of the European Union",
      "jurisdiction": "European Union",
      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2014-09-03",
      "citation": "C-201/13",
      "issue": "transformative-use",
      "answer": "partly",
      "position": 0,
      "level": "apex",
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      "date": "2025-02-20",
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      "region": "International",
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      "date": "2024",
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      "date": "2025",
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      "region": "Australia",
      "date": "2025-10-26",
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      "region": "Europe",
      "date": "2026-04-08",
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      "title": "Generative AI Copyright Disclosure Act",
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      "date": "2020",
      "citation": "69 GRUR International 443 (2020), doi:10.1093/grurint/ikaa061",
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      "body": "Tim W. Dornis (Leibniz University Hannover) and Sebastian Stober (University of Magdeburg)",
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      "date": "2024",
      "citation": "Nomos, Recht und Digitalisierung vol. 19, 2024 (open access)",
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      "citation": "Seoul High Court, 16 May 2024, affirming Seoul Administrative Court 2022GuHap89524 (2023)",
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      "date": "2023-10",
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}